Large-Eddy Simulation of Wind Turbine Flows: A New Evaluation of Actuator Disk Models

Large-eddy simulation (LES) with actuator models has become the state-of-the-art numerical tool to study complex interaction between atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and wind turbines. In this paper, a new evaluation of disk (ADMs) for LES turbine flows is presented. Several details implementation such are evaluated based on test case studied experimentally. contrast other cases used in previous similar studies, present consists immersed realistic turbulent boundary-layer flow, which accurate data turbine, thrust power available. It found that projection forces generated by into flow solver grid crucial rotor predictions, especially power, less important wake prediction. context, should be as possible, order conserve consistency computed axial velocity projected force. Also, force much more plane directions than streamwise direction. potential spurious oscillations originating from sharp projections not harmful results. By comparing an advanced model computes non-uniform distribution over simple assumes uniform effects forces, it both can lead results far predictions. However, comparison shows leads better near flow. addition, overestimates prediction model. These elements explained lack local feedback simulations without including nacelle tower, consideration tower relatively prediction, due shadow effects. The resolution critical once reasonable used, i.e., 10 points along each direction across rotor. experimental thrust, possible very computational cost. Overall, give guidelines ADMs LES.